Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Pyroptosis is a kind of programmed cell death which characterized as proinflammatory and dependents on the caspase enzyme activity. Its development is mediated by canonical or non-canonical pathways according to the molecular mechanism. Caspase-11/4/5 is activated via combining to the intracellular lipopolysaccharide, and thus cleaves gasdermin D, thereby releasing its N domain with the pore-formingactivity, which forms a large pore in the membrane that induces non-canonical pyroptosis. Pyroptosis is a double-edged sword, which could contribute to immune defense against pathogen infection on one hand. however, on another hand, it induces inflammation of adjacent cell or organs causing systemic inflammation. Expand our knowledge of pyroptotic molecular mechanism and effect is beneficial to explore new potential targets for sepsis therapy.